- PDF #35830747
- Systematic review of school-based interventions that focus on changing dietary intake and physical activity levels to prevent childhood obesity: an update to the obesity guidance produced by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
- Summary
- To determine the effectiveness of school-based interventions that focus on changing dietary intake and physical activity levels to prevent childhood obesity. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched (January 2006 to September 2007) for controlled trials of school-based lifestyle interventions, minimum duration of 12 weeks, reporting weight outcome. Thirty-eight studies were included; 15 new studies and 23 studies included within the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence obesity guidance. One of three diet studies, five of 15 physical activity studies and nine of 20 combined diet and physical activity studies demonstrated significant and positive differences between intervention and control for body mass index. There is insufficient evidence to assess the effectiveness of dietary interventions or diet vs. physical activity interventions. School-based physical activity interventions may help children maintain a healthy weight but the results are inconsistent and short-term. Physical activity interventions may be more successful in younger children and in girls. Studies were heterogeneous, making it difficult to generalize about what interventions are effective. The findings are inconsistent, but overall suggest that combined diet and physical activity school-based interventions may help prevent children becoming overweight in the long term. Physical activity interventions, particularly in girls in primary schools, may help to prevent these children from becoming overweight in the short term.
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- PDF #37371381
- Effect of
school-based physical activity interventions on body mass index in
children: a meta-analysis
- Abstract
- Background: The
prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing
at an alarming rate.
Many local governments
have enacted policies to increase physical
activity in
schools as a way to combat childhood obesity. We
conducted
a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine
the
effect of school-based physical activity interventions
on body mass
index (BMI) in children.
- Methods: We searched MEDLINE,
EMBASE, CINAHL and
the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
up to
September 2008. We also hand-searched relevant journals
and
article reference lists. We included randomized controlled
trials
and controlled clinical trials that had objective
data for BMI from
before and after the intervention,
that involved school-based
physical activity interventions
and that lasted for a minimum of 6
months.
- Results: Of 398 potentially relevant articles that
we identified,
18 studies involving 18 141 children met the inclusion
criteria.
The participants were primarily elementary school
children. The
study duration ranged from 6 months to 3
years. In 15 of these 18
studies, there was some type of cointervention. Meta-analysis showed
that BMI did not improve
with physical activity interventions
(weighted mean
difference –0.05 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval –0.19
to
0.10). We found no consistent changes in other measures
of body
composition.
- Interpretation: School-based physical activity
interventions
did not improve BMI, although they had other
beneficial
health effects. Current population-based policies that
mandate
increased physical activity in schools are unlikely
to have a
significant effect on the increasing prevalence of
childhood obesity.
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- PDF #23961610
- Physical
activity-Key issues in treatment of childhood obesity
- Abstract
- Changes
in physical activity with the aim of increasing energy expenditure are
usually an important component of childhood obesity treatment. Physical
activity also has several other aspects that are positive for the obese
child’s health, such as improving the metabolic profile and
psychological well being. The aim of this paper is to give a short
review of what we know about physical activity in paediatric obesity
treatment. In addition, practical recommendations will be presented
which a health care provider can suggest to obese children and their
families with a special focus on daily activity, participation in
physical education classes and sports, sedentary behaviours, active
commuting to school and how to get family and friends involved in
supporting the child.
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